The impact of television and the Internet on the development of children and adolescents
The appearance of each house TV has led to the fact that a significant part of the free time many people spend in front of TV screens. Meeting with friends, walking, reading books, playing sports are replaced many hours watching television. Why do people so quickly changed their way of life? It turns out that there is a scientific explanation.
Scientists believe that such an attraction to television is formed due to innate properties of man - the so-called reflex research, which was laid down by nature as a defensive reaction to the rapid auditory and visual reaction to unexpected or new stimulus, which could signal the danger.
Back in 1986, scientists from Stanford University and the University of Missouri (USA) came to the conclusion that such effects of television as installation, change of plans, assaults, noise, light, impact on research human reflex and can hold his attention for a long time. For example, in commercials, music videos, plans and perspectives change with an average speed of one object per second, non-stop irritating the investigatory reflex. It is involved in the full power of research common reflex is due to the viewers answers: "When I'm watching TV, I feel hypnotized", "If the television is on, I can not look away," etc. (1)...
Gipnoidnoe state severely limits the perception and processing of information, but it strengthens the processes of capturing and programming behavior.
But there is a more profound impact of advertising on the person. Colorful, brightness advertising leads to a strong bias in favor of commodity consumption, not to stimulate the spiritual and material interests only. Head of Department of psycho-ecology of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, academician IV Smirnov says that in the course of each diagnostic procedure, carried out by scientists, carefully tested higher moral sphere: the idea of God, the family idea, the idea of the country and the more number of such basic ideas. The results showed that people are denied the higher, the basic concepts. Devalue something for which a person has a sense of life. Instead, the substituted material values such as consumption, entertainment, accumulation.
The idea of God - not in words, but as depth perception, says I. Smirnov, completely removed from the souls of the majority of our contemporaries. Even among the clergy, held at the Department of psycho-ecology diagnosis, none of this idea was not (2).
This is very alarming feedback advertising helps, obviously, another telecommunications technology - technology of "embedding" of certain scenarios in the human life cycle.
2016 June 1 vlianie tv i interneta 001 Russian academician, member of the Russian Association for Film and Media Russia VS Sobkin notes that: "The broadcast scenes of violence and eroticism quite clearly corresponds to the daily and weekly life cycle. <...> The scenes of violence and eroticism "embedded" in a person's life cycle just in those moments when it is assumed most relaxing, mind-control decrease (phase of preparation for the night, weekend mornings). " On the evening falls the most intense violence and eroticism, Broadcast, which leads to the fact that these scenes are beginning to be assimilated by the viewer on a subconscious level. "Thus, we observe a particular socio-cultural television technique works on introduction of officially tabuiruemyh norms and patterns of behavior in the mass consciousness" (3).
But, unfortunately, in recent times which channel is not included - must kill someone, told about accidents and catastrophes. The media presented the following picture: "all things are bad." And the people there and apathy, aggression and at the same time. Professor Prikhozhan AM from the Institute of Psychology. LS Vygotsky (Moscow) notes that television plays the role of a stimulant, awakening the negative in a person due to the level of crime stories on television. The constant repetition of the same scene, for example, violence and cruelty, not only reduces the attention and reactions to them, but, most importantly, dramatically reduces the sympathy for the victims and makes violence and savagery commonplace feature of everyday life (4).
According to the professor, way out there - do not watch TV at all!
Parishioners AM It notes that it is necessary that the number of positive emotional and moral point of view scenes dramatically outweighed the negative flow of television information.
But if television technology so affect adults, then what impact they have on the body just emerging and the psyche of the child, who has not yet been formed protective mechanisms?
2016 June 1 vlianie tv i interneta 002Mozg child is genetically programmed to develop in conditions of constant interaction with the surrounding adults, and later - with their peers. Without this interaction the child, no matter how brilliant it is born, will not be able to realize their potential - think we know stories about Mowgli children from early childhood brought up among animals and then, once in the human environment, have not been able to master the language and human behavior.
This is due to the fact that it was in the first years of his life in the process of communication and interaction with others is most effective formation of neural connections in the cerebral cortex, so that the child is developing rapidly, the world learns. For the normal development of the child just need emotional and verbal communication with others, joint activities, games with adults and peers - but no TV!
A researcher from the United States, Mary Wynne said: "The most important thing is to get a child is missing: when watching TV the child does not participate in verbal communication - hundreds or thousands of words not spoken, and therefore do not have a backlash, not questioned and is not responsible, no dialogue "(5).
The result of this one-way communication, as noted by one of the leading UK scientists in the field of Sally Ward, becomes the lag in the development from the first year of life. And in the 3rd year the children of parents who used to babysit TV, lagged behind their peers according to her research, already at 1 year (6).
Therefore, it becomes clear view Susan Johnson, a researcher from California, which studies the interaction between the brain and television that "the TV can not be used even for a short rest child. Children's eyes from birth designed to look at human faces. Therefore, the best holiday for a small child - quiet chat with the mother or father "(7).
The fundamental brought by TV and information technology researchers compared the effects of a "visual" or "graphic revolution." As a result of this visual revolution, as the American sociologist and cultural studies in the field of media culture Postman specialist unit of information transmitted was not the word, as it was many hundreds of thousands of years before that, and the visual sign, besides mostly advertising (8). What difference does it make to the development of the child?
Firstly, in contrast to the statements, the image can neither confirm nor deny - it is simply presented to the viewer. But children in the preschool and early school years, as noted by psychologists, can not distinguish fantasy from reality, a critical attitude towards the information received. These features of perception teleinformation children need to be considered.
Secondly, despite the presence of informative and educational programs, television is not conducive to the sustainable development of interest in the outside world, other people. It awakens a curiosity that immediately met often superficial, and sometimes distorted information, also served in an entertaining way. Scientific observations show that TV craze in age from one to three years, leading to problems with concentration on the seventh year of life, that is, by the time they start school. And children who can not focus simply lose the opportunity to learn something and remember.
In the third place, with a wide spread of television and the Internet is connected, as the scientists say, the problem of the disappearance of the children's curiosity. The world has always represented for the child a lot of mysteries, and an adult was an authority that can reveal these mysteries for the child. Internet and television make the information publicly available, though not always reliable. Both adults ceases to be an authoritative source of knowledge for the child. As a result, often childish curiosity gives way to cynicism or arrogance arrogant.
Fourth, the flow of information from the TV screen is much higher than the possibility of the child to perceive and process it yourself. By itself, the visual range of the TV screen requires a continuous awareness of visual material, associative images generated by them require a certain intellectual and emotional effort on their evaluation and braking. The nervous system (especially in children), being unable to withstand such an intense awareness of the process, after only 15-20 minutes forms a protective response in the form of a brake gipnoidnogo condition which severely limits the perception and processing of information, but strengthens, as we have already noted, processes its impression and programming behavior.
2016 June 1 vlianie tv i interneta 003
According to sociological research conducted by scientists in several countries, a child growing up in such conditions in adult life are constantly waiting for that the necessary information is available externally. It is almost unable to independently generate their own ideas and opinions. Moreover, he has no desire to do so.
And one more consequence of the influence TV technology on a child. You certainly heard about such a very common phenomenon is currently among children, which doctors and psychologists call "hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder." Children with such syndrome is becoming more and more with each passing year. Scientists tend to believe that the phenomenon of "children's inattention" to a certain extent it is connected with the effect of flicker. It's all about quick and sudden change images on the screen, and this destabilizes the attention and concentration of the child. The child becomes the same impulsive, unable to concentrate for a long time in any occupation. He needs constant external stimulation, which he used to get from the screen.
It is important to remember that surrounds the child in childhood determines the rest of his life.
The greatest invention of mankind - global computer networks - also keep many potential threats. In the book "іVgaіp: How to survive the technological changes in the brain," it avtorGarri Small writes: "... because the Internet reduces the ability to concentrate and contemplate, then ... thinking becomes fragmentary, reading - surface. Members only diagonally browsing headlines and summaries. And the areas of the brain, responsible for abstract thinking and empathy, almost atrophied "(9).
"The Internet creates only the illusion of access to information and technical equipment, - says the author of the book" The Origin of the brain "Sergey Saveliev, a member of the Research Institute of Human Morphology RAMS. - The so-called "digital natives" load on the brain decreases continuously. Even programmers is not required that the intellectual level today, which was necessary for them 10-15 years ago. They write programs - like stacked cubes. Intellectual deterioration in such conditions is guaranteed "(10).
The emerging television or Internet addiction changes not only the skills and psychological qualities, but even change the human brain. The group of Chinese scientists from the Center for MRI Research in Wuhan scanned the brains of 17 adults who have been identified Internet addiction. These results were compared with the scientists of 16 healthy people. Research physicians have convincingly shown that those who spend a lot of time on the Internet, two areas of the brain is developing rapidly - the part that is responsible for short-term memory and the center responsible for making quick decisions. However, those areas of the brain which are responsible for the detailed analysis of the problem deep Lookahead substantially remain without load (11).
Development of culture, spirituality, intelligence, science - it is a question of the future of the country. No state can exist if it does not contribute to the development of spirituality, culture and intellect of its members. Not only can the state money or military power, the more power the dictatorship, to consolidate its position in the world.
Cultural issues today are intertwined with issues of policy and national security. In today's world the power and future of the country is determined not by the resources and productive forces, and increasingly the science and art, the spirituality of the nation.
Let our children will be tomorrow among those who will conquer the vastness of space, build cities, create beautiful paintings and make the earth beautiful. But today, you first need to simply turn off the television and help our children to preserve their unique originality.
Sources:
1. The most light death (Electron. Func.) / Softmixer. URL: www.softmixer.com/2013/05/blog-post_4977.html.
2. Smirnov IV As TV destroys the brain and the soul. / The newspaper "Evening Samara", 24.12.2004
3. Sobkin VS, Kuznetsova NI Russian teenager 90: Traffic in the risk zone. - M .: Unesco, 1998. - S. 51.
4. Parishioners AM Influence of an electronic information environment on personality development of children of primary school age (e-Dann..) / Psychological research: electron. scientific. Zh. 2010. № 1 (9).
5. Winn M. The Plug - In Drug. - N. Y. Penguin. - P.24-25.
6. VV Gafner Information security: Textbook. allowance. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2010. - 324 p.
7. Television and infants (Electron. Func.) / Electronic journal "Science and Life." URL: www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/4099/.
8. N. Postman disappearance of childhood (Electron. Func.) / Notes of the Fatherland. 2004. N 3 (17). URL:? Www.strana-oz.ru/ numid = 18 & article = 8611988, free.
9. Modern multimedia lectures and their assimilation by students (Electron. Func.) / The library of scientific articles. URL: www.stattionline.org.ua/pedagog/104/18688-sovremennye-multimedijnye-lekcii-i-ix-usvoenie-studentami.html.
10. SV Saveliev, "The Origin of the brain." - M .: VEDI 2005.
11. The human brain and the Internet (e-Func.) / Electronic popular scientific journal "Physical human ecology." URL: aurasvit.com/archives/472.
Перекладач Google для компаній:Translator ToolkitІнструмент перекладу веб-сайтівПошук на світовому ринк
The appearance of each house TV has led to the fact that a significant part of the free time many people spend in front of TV screens. Meeting with friends, walking, reading books, playing sports are replaced many hours watching television. Why do people so quickly changed their way of life? It turns out that there is a scientific explanation.
Scientists believe that such an attraction to television is formed due to innate properties of man - the so-called reflex research, which was laid down by nature as a defensive reaction to the rapid auditory and visual reaction to unexpected or new stimulus, which could signal the danger.
Back in 1986, scientists from Stanford University and the University of Missouri (USA) came to the conclusion that such effects of television as installation, change of plans, assaults, noise, light, impact on research human reflex and can hold his attention for a long time. For example, in commercials, music videos, plans and perspectives change with an average speed of one object per second, non-stop irritating the investigatory reflex. It is involved in the full power of research common reflex is due to the viewers answers: "When I'm watching TV, I feel hypnotized", "If the television is on, I can not look away," etc. (1)...
Gipnoidnoe state severely limits the perception and processing of information, but it strengthens the processes of capturing and programming behavior.
But there is a more profound impact of advertising on the person. Colorful, brightness advertising leads to a strong bias in favor of commodity consumption, not to stimulate the spiritual and material interests only. Head of Department of psycho-ecology of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, academician IV Smirnov says that in the course of each diagnostic procedure, carried out by scientists, carefully tested higher moral sphere: the idea of God, the family idea, the idea of the country and the more number of such basic ideas. The results showed that people are denied the higher, the basic concepts. Devalue something for which a person has a sense of life. Instead, the substituted material values such as consumption, entertainment, accumulation.
The idea of God - not in words, but as depth perception, says I. Smirnov, completely removed from the souls of the majority of our contemporaries. Even among the clergy, held at the Department of psycho-ecology diagnosis, none of this idea was not (2).
This is very alarming feedback advertising helps, obviously, another telecommunications technology - technology of "embedding" of certain scenarios in the human life cycle.
2016 June 1 vlianie tv i interneta 001 Russian academician, member of the Russian Association for Film and Media Russia VS Sobkin notes that: "The broadcast scenes of violence and eroticism quite clearly corresponds to the daily and weekly life cycle. <...> The scenes of violence and eroticism "embedded" in a person's life cycle just in those moments when it is assumed most relaxing, mind-control decrease (phase of preparation for the night, weekend mornings). " On the evening falls the most intense violence and eroticism, Broadcast, which leads to the fact that these scenes are beginning to be assimilated by the viewer on a subconscious level. "Thus, we observe a particular socio-cultural television technique works on introduction of officially tabuiruemyh norms and patterns of behavior in the mass consciousness" (3).
But, unfortunately, in recent times which channel is not included - must kill someone, told about accidents and catastrophes. The media presented the following picture: "all things are bad." And the people there and apathy, aggression and at the same time. Professor Prikhozhan AM from the Institute of Psychology. LS Vygotsky (Moscow) notes that television plays the role of a stimulant, awakening the negative in a person due to the level of crime stories on television. The constant repetition of the same scene, for example, violence and cruelty, not only reduces the attention and reactions to them, but, most importantly, dramatically reduces the sympathy for the victims and makes violence and savagery commonplace feature of everyday life (4).
According to the professor, way out there - do not watch TV at all!
Parishioners AM It notes that it is necessary that the number of positive emotional and moral point of view scenes dramatically outweighed the negative flow of television information.
But if television technology so affect adults, then what impact they have on the body just emerging and the psyche of the child, who has not yet been formed protective mechanisms?
2016 June 1 vlianie tv i interneta 002Mozg child is genetically programmed to develop in conditions of constant interaction with the surrounding adults, and later - with their peers. Without this interaction the child, no matter how brilliant it is born, will not be able to realize their potential - think we know stories about Mowgli children from early childhood brought up among animals and then, once in the human environment, have not been able to master the language and human behavior.
This is due to the fact that it was in the first years of his life in the process of communication and interaction with others is most effective formation of neural connections in the cerebral cortex, so that the child is developing rapidly, the world learns. For the normal development of the child just need emotional and verbal communication with others, joint activities, games with adults and peers - but no TV!
A researcher from the United States, Mary Wynne said: "The most important thing is to get a child is missing: when watching TV the child does not participate in verbal communication - hundreds or thousands of words not spoken, and therefore do not have a backlash, not questioned and is not responsible, no dialogue "(5).
The result of this one-way communication, as noted by one of the leading UK scientists in the field of Sally Ward, becomes the lag in the development from the first year of life. And in the 3rd year the children of parents who used to babysit TV, lagged behind their peers according to her research, already at 1 year (6).
Therefore, it becomes clear view Susan Johnson, a researcher from California, which studies the interaction between the brain and television that "the TV can not be used even for a short rest child. Children's eyes from birth designed to look at human faces. Therefore, the best holiday for a small child - quiet chat with the mother or father "(7).
The fundamental brought by TV and information technology researchers compared the effects of a "visual" or "graphic revolution." As a result of this visual revolution, as the American sociologist and cultural studies in the field of media culture Postman specialist unit of information transmitted was not the word, as it was many hundreds of thousands of years before that, and the visual sign, besides mostly advertising (8). What difference does it make to the development of the child?
Firstly, in contrast to the statements, the image can neither confirm nor deny - it is simply presented to the viewer. But children in the preschool and early school years, as noted by psychologists, can not distinguish fantasy from reality, a critical attitude towards the information received. These features of perception teleinformation children need to be considered.
Secondly, despite the presence of informative and educational programs, television is not conducive to the sustainable development of interest in the outside world, other people. It awakens a curiosity that immediately met often superficial, and sometimes distorted information, also served in an entertaining way. Scientific observations show that TV craze in age from one to three years, leading to problems with concentration on the seventh year of life, that is, by the time they start school. And children who can not focus simply lose the opportunity to learn something and remember.
In the third place, with a wide spread of television and the Internet is connected, as the scientists say, the problem of the disappearance of the children's curiosity. The world has always represented for the child a lot of mysteries, and an adult was an authority that can reveal these mysteries for the child. Internet and television make the information publicly available, though not always reliable. Both adults ceases to be an authoritative source of knowledge for the child. As a result, often childish curiosity gives way to cynicism or arrogance arrogant.
Fourth, the flow of information from the TV screen is much higher than the possibility of the child to perceive and process it yourself. By itself, the visual range of the TV screen requires a continuous awareness of visual material, associative images generated by them require a certain intellectual and emotional effort on their evaluation and braking. The nervous system (especially in children), being unable to withstand such an intense awareness of the process, after only 15-20 minutes forms a protective response in the form of a brake gipnoidnogo condition which severely limits the perception and processing of information, but strengthens, as we have already noted, processes its impression and programming behavior.
2016 June 1 vlianie tv i interneta 003
According to sociological research conducted by scientists in several countries, a child growing up in such conditions in adult life are constantly waiting for that the necessary information is available externally. It is almost unable to independently generate their own ideas and opinions. Moreover, he has no desire to do so.
And one more consequence of the influence TV technology on a child. You certainly heard about such a very common phenomenon is currently among children, which doctors and psychologists call "hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder." Children with such syndrome is becoming more and more with each passing year. Scientists tend to believe that the phenomenon of "children's inattention" to a certain extent it is connected with the effect of flicker. It's all about quick and sudden change images on the screen, and this destabilizes the attention and concentration of the child. The child becomes the same impulsive, unable to concentrate for a long time in any occupation. He needs constant external stimulation, which he used to get from the screen.
It is important to remember that surrounds the child in childhood determines the rest of his life.
The greatest invention of mankind - global computer networks - also keep many potential threats. In the book "іVgaіp: How to survive the technological changes in the brain," it avtorGarri Small writes: "... because the Internet reduces the ability to concentrate and contemplate, then ... thinking becomes fragmentary, reading - surface. Members only diagonally browsing headlines and summaries. And the areas of the brain, responsible for abstract thinking and empathy, almost atrophied "(9).
"The Internet creates only the illusion of access to information and technical equipment, - says the author of the book" The Origin of the brain "Sergey Saveliev, a member of the Research Institute of Human Morphology RAMS. - The so-called "digital natives" load on the brain decreases continuously. Even programmers is not required that the intellectual level today, which was necessary for them 10-15 years ago. They write programs - like stacked cubes. Intellectual deterioration in such conditions is guaranteed "(10).
The emerging television or Internet addiction changes not only the skills and psychological qualities, but even change the human brain. The group of Chinese scientists from the Center for MRI Research in Wuhan scanned the brains of 17 adults who have been identified Internet addiction. These results were compared with the scientists of 16 healthy people. Research physicians have convincingly shown that those who spend a lot of time on the Internet, two areas of the brain is developing rapidly - the part that is responsible for short-term memory and the center responsible for making quick decisions. However, those areas of the brain which are responsible for the detailed analysis of the problem deep Lookahead substantially remain without load (11).
Development of culture, spirituality, intelligence, science - it is a question of the future of the country. No state can exist if it does not contribute to the development of spirituality, culture and intellect of its members. Not only can the state money or military power, the more power the dictatorship, to consolidate its position in the world.
Cultural issues today are intertwined with issues of policy and national security. In today's world the power and future of the country is determined not by the resources and productive forces, and increasingly the science and art, the spirituality of the nation.
Let our children will be tomorrow among those who will conquer the vastness of space, build cities, create beautiful paintings and make the earth beautiful. But today, you first need to simply turn off the television and help our children to preserve their unique originality.
Sources:
1. The most light death (Electron. Func.) / Softmixer. URL: www.softmixer.com/2013/05/blog-post_4977.html.
2. Smirnov IV As TV destroys the brain and the soul. / The newspaper "Evening Samara", 24.12.2004
3. Sobkin VS, Kuznetsova NI Russian teenager 90: Traffic in the risk zone. - M .: Unesco, 1998. - S. 51.
4. Parishioners AM Influence of an electronic information environment on personality development of children of primary school age (e-Dann..) / Psychological research: electron. scientific. Zh. 2010. № 1 (9).
5. Winn M. The Plug - In Drug. - N. Y. Penguin. - P.24-25.
6. VV Gafner Information security: Textbook. allowance. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2010. - 324 p.
7. Television and infants (Electron. Func.) / Electronic journal "Science and Life." URL: www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/4099/.
8. N. Postman disappearance of childhood (Electron. Func.) / Notes of the Fatherland. 2004. N 3 (17). URL:? Www.strana-oz.ru/ numid = 18 & article = 8611988, free.
9. Modern multimedia lectures and their assimilation by students (Electron. Func.) / The library of scientific articles. URL: www.stattionline.org.ua/pedagog/104/18688-sovremennye-multimedijnye-lekcii-i-ix-usvoenie-studentami.html.
10. SV Saveliev, "The Origin of the brain." - M .: VEDI 2005.
11. The human brain and the Internet (e-Func.) / Electronic popular scientific journal "Physical human ecology." URL: aurasvit.com/archives/472.
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